RESUMO
Coastal zones are complex systems where sustainability needs local participative governance, whose absence may result in conflicts between social actors. In its absence, the first step should be a diagnosis of the current situation based on integrative conceptual frameworks such as the DPSIR. However, in conflicting situations, the generated model needs validation from social actors. Chiloé Island is a critical Chilean coastal fishery and aquaculture area, coexisting with subsistence and cultural uses of marine resources. This article analyzes the current ecological state of the Chiloé coastal zone and its main social-ecological impact using a DPSIR model. We validated its results through a household survey and interviews with local experts and social actors. Results show that increased coastal fisheries and aquaculture generate a critical decrease of coastal species, eutrophication, and pollution that, along with harmful algal blooms, generate conflicts. Social validation showed that experts and local social actors have different perceptions of conflicting parties and conflict solutions. Following a post-normal approach, we propose three ideas to start social-ecological governance of Chiloé coastal marine ecosystems.
RESUMO
En este artículo presentamos resultados respecto de la asociación entre el nivelde integración subjetiva de los jóvenes y las jóvenes estudiantes de enseñanza media de Santiagode Chile, y su percepción de disponer de apoyo por parte de instituciones sociales, empleando losconstructos de anomia y alienación. Determinamos que los niveles de alienación de los jóvenesson intermedios, aunque muy altos en la percepción de desunión social. Percibimos que brindan unmayor soporte las instituciones educativas, de salud y policiales, y lo opuesto ocurre con las políticasy FF. AA. Encontramos una asociación entre la alienación y la percepción de apoyo institucional.Concluimos que el generar condiciones institucionales para la integración subjetiva de los jóveneses una tarea pendiente.
